(from the ancient Greek, adámas) is the allotrope of carbon where the carbon atoms are
arranged in an isometric-hexoctahedral crystal lattice. After graphite, diamond is the
second most stable form of carbon. Its hardness and high dispersion of light make it useful
for industrial applications and jewelry. It is the hardest known naturally occurring mineral.
It is possible to treat regular diamonds under a combination of high pressure and high
temperature to produce diamonds that are harder than the diamonds used in hardness gauges.
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